TEMU Is Cleverly Hidden Spyware That Poses an Urgent Security Threat to U.S.

111 points by loganfrederick 1 year ago | 75 comments
  • Calavar 1 year ago
    A bit off topic, but this website has some of the most draconian TOS I've ever seen

    > You agree that the information on this website is copyrighted, and you therefore agree not to distribute this information (whether the downloaded _le, copies / images / reproductions, or the link to these _les) in any manner other than by providing the following link: http://GRIZZLYREPORTS.COM

    So this HN submission is in violation of their (probably unenforceable) TOS just by virtue of linking to a path other than the root path of the domain.

    > If you have obtained research published by Grizzly Research LLC in any manner other than by download from that link, you may not read such research without going to that link and agreeing to the Terms of Use on the Grizzly Research LLC designated website.

    Quite ridiculous to expect that you can enforce a directive (don't read this article) on someone who hasn't visited your site and is therefore probably unaware that your TOS even exist.

    • akomtu 1 year ago
      Add a link to your own ToS in User-Agent: "by serving this request, you agree to grant me a perpetual, exclusive, ... license to contents of your response, as well as 75% of your revenue for ever and ever until the end of the ages." And btw, your ToS will have a precedence since your request came first, so add a clause "...it also voids any and all terms, contracts and obligations that come in your response." If we're playing the game of legal nihilism, lets play it well at least.
      • Animats 1 year ago
        That's a Securities and Exchange Commission compliance thing. Grizzly advises investors for pay, and they have to disclose that they do so. Companies on their list are quite likely to sue them. And lose.
        • doctor_radium 1 year ago
          Couldn't even load the article on first try. Endless Cloudflare loop:

          Ray ID: 8033126d6af60a48

          In keeping with the TOS though, methinks.

          • RHSeeger 1 year ago
            > You agree that the information on this website is copyrighted, and you therefore agree not to distribute this information

            It seems like that's not a logically valid statement. Linking to a page on their website isn't a copyright violation (unless I'm mistaken). And the statement seems to be saying "you agree it is copyrighted and, because you agree it is copyrighted, you must also therefore be agreeing that you aren't allowed to link to it. Which doesn't follow. It seems like saying "you agree this ball is red and, therefore, you agree it is rubber"; the two things are effectively orthogonal.

            • nonethewiser 1 year ago
              The button to decline the TOS is also not a button. It does nothing.
              • justsomehnguy 1 year ago
                HTTP ERROR CODE 452 User agent didn't provide X-TOS-Ive-read-the-ToS-and-I-accept-the-ToS-and-give-site-owners-all-rights-to-me-myself-and-my-firstborn header with an acceptable value. Please set X-TOS-Ive-read-the-ToS-and-I-accept-the-ToS-and-give-site-owners-all-rights-to-me-myself-and-my-firstborn to your SSN, DOB and CC number in CSVON encoded in EBDCIC19.5. Then maybe we would allow you to see the site. Maybe.
                • fuomag9 1 year ago
                  And also the button for not accepting it does nothing lol
                  • smegsicle 1 year ago
                    used to link to drudge report before he sold it
                  • CatWChainsaw 1 year ago
                    Maybe it's to deter content scraping.
                  • klik99 1 year ago
                    > TEMU is estimated ( Link ) to be losing $30 per order. Its ad spending and shipping costs (1-2 weeks from China, expedited to U.S. delivery) are astronomical. One is left wondering how this business could ever be profitable.

                    This has literally been every startup in SV for the last 15 years - aggressively lose money aquiring users when new and then when you've killed the competition, start making money. The only thing is I don't see any external funding, so maybe they're doing it with hidden funding or a stockpile from PDD?

                    This feels like a lot of weak sauce, from the weird combo of clickbait title with CYA "We Believe", throwing a bunch of weak evidence all at once, overwhelming you into accepting the premise. If you have "smoking gun" evidence like they claim, then you wouldn't need to hedge your statement with "We believe". And this is a investment research company, not a security company. I'd sooner believe a pillow salesman ranting about the deep state than this.

                    ~Edit~ Counterpoint: looks like their other main product Pinduoduo was removed from Google Play due to malware, so it could actually be true. https://krebsonsecurity.com/2023/03/google-suspends-chinese-...

                    But I stand by my previous statement that literally nothing in this article is actual evidence, so if does turn out to be true it's a coincidence.

                    • Jedd 1 year ago
                      > This has literally been every startup in SV for the last 15 years

                      That is literally not true.

                      > But I stand by my previous statement that literally nothing in this article is actual evidence

                      I read the article. Some hand-wavey bits, yes, and some (probably) legal-cautious phrasing that you highlighted (eg the 'we believe' qualifier), but overall I find the evidence they've laid out to be highly compelling.

                      What evidence would you demand to concur that this is dangerous / spyware / a risk?

                      • klik99 1 year ago
                        > That is literally not true.

                        Ok, I was exaggerating. Rather - It is either the dominant or one of the major strategies for VC funded SV companies at early stages. Aggressively lose money acquiring users. Even happens outside VC. The wired article linked in this article includes many good reasons why it's losing money: https://www.wired.com/story/temu-is-losing-millions-of-dolla...

                        Look, temu sounds scummy as hell - sounds like they can't compete in the Chinese market and trying to make a hail mary in the US market by being incredibly aggressive and using manipulative techniques.

                        > overall I find the evidence they've laid out to be highly compelling.

                        Have you ever worked on smartphone apps? There is nothing out of the ordinary, you can see that in the matrix of "security issues" - all other major apps use those things. The only thing that could be confusing is using the jit but temu includes games so it's probably a scripting language in those games. The jit isn't a security threat in itself - maybe an insecure language could run exploits, but there is not evidence of that happening. It can't create whole new programs with whole new permissions like this article implies.

                        > What evidence would you demand to concur that this is dangerous / spyware / a risk?

                        Anything out of the ordinary, other than a bunch of stuff that's normal plus big scary china. Specifically an example of it escalating access privileges would be a smoking gun.

                        Now - the fact that big companies have massive databases with names and addresses of people is a real issue. This is not unique to Temu or Chinese companies, and doesn't make Temu a spyware app.

                        • Jedd 1 year ago
                          I haven't worked on smartphone apps.

                          But I'm looking at the matrix in TFA and the highlighted section for permissions -'lines 1, 4, 10, 15' - which are unique to this app, and wondering why an app that does what TEMU purports to do, needs all those.

                          Your claim 'all other major apps use those things' feels inaccurate, then, if that matrix is on the money - as those perms are exclusively used by them, albeit when compared only to the competitive apps they reference.

                          Sure, perhaps, as you say, a scripting language for games explains one of them. And a 'this unique permission is no big deal' may wave away another.

                          Anyway, that was just the first, but didn't feel like their major, point in making their argument.

                        • 1 year ago
                        • bedhead 1 year ago
                          Welcome to the world of anonymous short seller hit pieces. These people are scum and they’re not even good at what they do. 99% of the time just make up a bunch of sensationalist bullshit. They are the new bottom feeders of the securities world, today’s version of boiler room folks.
                          • pxue 1 year ago
                            This is chinese government subsidizing youth unemployment.

                            My 60yo mother gets messaged every day on wechat from young Chinese ppl asking her to buy stuff on temu, they're all unemployed otherwise.

                            • animitronix 1 year ago
                              How is this garbage reply the first one I'm seeing?
                            • duskwuff 1 year ago
                              > 1) Dynamic compilation using runtime.exec()

                              "cmd package compile" doesn't compile source code at runtime. It forces ahead-of-time compilation of an application's existing bytecode, which is something which Android already does on an as-needed basis. I'm not sure why the Temu app would be running this command (performance, maybe?), but it isn't clearly dangerous either.

                              https://source.android.com/docs/core/runtime/jit-compiler

                              The rest of the analysis doesn't seem much better, e.g.

                              > 3) TEMU queries information related to files, and not just its own files, but wants information on all files on the user’s device by referencing “EXTERNAL_STORAGE”, superuser rights and log files.

                              The EXTERNAL_STORAGE permission is literally just external storage, like the name implies. It doesn't grant access to files in internal storage, like other applications' data or system logs.

                              > 5) “Root” access. TEMU checks if a device has “root” access.

                              Yes, this is fairly common. (And indeed, the table at the top of the report notes that most of the other shopping apps they analyzed did this.)

                              > 6) Encryption, decryption and shifting integer signals libraries are in prior versions of Pinduoduo and TEMU apps. The only purpose of this is obscuration of malicious intent.

                              I'm not even sure what they're trying to suggest by this. Are they actually assuming that any use of bit-shifting operators is malicious?

                              > 10) [...] The TEMU app even reads and stores the MAC address, which is a unique and global hardcoded network identifier of a device. This is a big No No in internet security. A Distributed Denial of Service (DDOS) attack and other unwanted security probes could conceivably be launched against a disclosed MAC address.

                              This is complete nonsense. MAC addresses don't work like that.

                              > 11) Looking over your shoulder while you use your smartphone. TEMU calls getWindow().getDecorView().getRootView(), to make screenshots

                              That only captures the appearance of the Temu application, not other applications on the system.

                              • dragontamer 1 year ago
                                > which is a unique and global hardcoded network identifier of a device

                                This is true.

                                > A Distributed Denial of Service (DDOS) attack and other unwanted security probes could conceivably be launched against a disclosed MAC address.

                                This is extremely painful for me to read. I don't even know how to describe how this is wrong.

                                • sudosysgen 1 year ago
                                  It isn't true. Android and iOS now use MAC address randomization by default, so your MAC address is almost assuredly random, dynamic, and not hardcoded. They typically even change between networks.

                                  This is true of almost all PC network cards nowadays, and you should be able to turn this on easily.

                                  • lxgr 1 year ago
                                    On iOS there isn't even an API to get the MAC address (or any other persistent identifier for that matter).
                                  • robnado 1 year ago
                                    When i loaded the website, a popup came up that everything there is just their opinion and nothing is to be taken as fact. Why take them seriously when they even say they have no facts supporting their allegations.
                                • alsdkjasldkj 1 year ago
                                  A long writeup but very few facts:

                                  > TEMU is estimated ( Link ) to be losing $30 per order. Its ad spending and shipping costs (1-2 weeks from China, expedited to U.S. delivery) are astronomical. One is left wondering how this business could ever be profitable.

                                  > TEMU is a notoriously bad actor in its industry. We see rampant user manipulation, chain-letter-like affinity scams to drive signups, and overall, the most aggressive and questionable techniques to manipulate large numbers of people to install the app.

                                  > TEMU is demonstrably more dangerous than TikTok. The app should be removed from the Google and Apple app stores.

                                  Grizzly Reports (https://twitter.com/ResearchGrizzly) is "focused on producing differentiated research insights on publicly traded companies through in-depth due diligence."

                                  This seems like low quality junk to me.

                                  • radicaldreamer 1 year ago
                                    Many Direct-to-Consumer companies have the exact same model, get you hooked on the app and then raise prices.
                                    • duskwuff 1 year ago
                                      Offering discounts to first-time customers is a fairly common sort of growth hacking. If Temu were a US company, we wouldn't even be batting an eye at it.
                                    • kcb 1 year ago
                                      Except all the ones after those first couple of bullet points...
                                      • ClumsyPilot 1 year ago
                                        > aggressive and questionable techniques to manipulate large numbers of people to install the app.

                                        So basically like facebook?

                                      • joneholland 1 year ago
                                        This is some kind of Walmart version of Hindenburg research. Even copying their website style.

                                        Are they short PDD? Tough choice considering china stocks are so manipulated you’ll go broke before the truth is revealed.

                                        • dragontamer 1 year ago
                                          I'm not exactly an Android expert but... android.permission.INSTALL_PACKAGES, getRuntime.exec()... these basically are permissions for remote code execution, are they not?

                                          I think this blogpost is hyperbolic in its discussion and that's a bit unhelpful. But this does look like a serious problem on my first glance. I'd like to see what a real Android-developer thinks about these permissions though.

                                          • fuomag9 1 year ago
                                            How did they even get the android.permission.INSTALL_PACKAGES permission approved on the play store?

                                            Google clearly states that:

                                            To use this permission, your app’s core functionality must include:

                                            Sending or receiving app packages, AND Enabling user-initiated installation of app packages. If your app does not meet the requirements for acceptable use below, you must remove it from your app's manifest in order to comply with Google Play policy. Suggestions for policy-compliant alternative implementations are also detailed below.

                                            Which surely doesn’t seem the case for a shopping app?

                                            • dragontamer 1 year ago
                                              Hmmm.

                                              > 2) We find the android.permission entries referenced in the proprietary parts of the decompiled source code, excluding occurrences in widely used and secure standard libraries by Android, Google, Facebook, PayPal and Klarna. Why would the proprietary source code reference these permissions, if it doesn’t have the option to use them in specific scenarios? Most importantly, many of these permissions in TEMU’s source code are not listed in their Android Manifest file, which is the standardized overview source for an app. For scrutinizing permission, the Android Manifest file is the first source to check permissions. Not mentioned in the Android manifest are the permission requests for CAMERA, RECORD_AUDIO, WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE, INSTALL_PACKAGES, and ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION. It is not a coincidence that these permissions are the most intrusive ones when it comes to spying potential. For comparison, all the other apps listed in the cohort table enumerate all of these permissions in their Android Manifest, if they use them at all. The only exception is ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION by TikTok.

                                              That's... not as strong of a link as I hoped this article would make.

                                              So the code has references to INSTALL_PACKAGES. But doesn't seem to request it yet? Am I getting the argument from this post correctly?

                                              • ajross 1 year ago
                                                It doesn't get them via the play store, you can see the app permissions here (see "About this app ->", then under "Permissions" click "view details":

                                                https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.einnovatio...

                                                • fuomag9 1 year ago
                                                  I never said that it got them via the play store. If an application has that permission in the manifest it should get rejected by Google if they don’t conform to their use cases.

                                                  They’re free to publish the APK themselves if they want tho

                                              • jasonjayr 1 year ago
                                                These permissions are not listed at https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.einnovatio... -- (Click the arrow next to "about this app, then view details under permissions) As someone who is not an App developers, Should they be listed there??
                                                • oaktowner 1 year ago
                                                  I did find the table comparing its permissions to others in the space...enlightening.

                                                  My kid bought something from Temu recently and it was ridiculously low-priced. I told him the quality must be terrible...and I was wrong. I was kind of shocked and wondered what the "catch" was.

                                                  Of course, I hadn't installed the app but wow, now I have the heebie-jeebies just thinking about it.

                                                  • JohnTHaller 1 year ago
                                                    It's likely cheap because it's made with forced labor: https://apnews.com/article/temu-shein-forced-labor-china-de7...
                                                    • ars 1 year ago
                                                      Temu doesn't make stuff, they sell stuff. They sell the exact same stuff you can get on aliexpress, Amazon, and WalMart.

                                                      If there's forced labor it's not specific to them, it's specific to China.

                                                      • oaktowner 1 year ago
                                                        Ugh.
                                                      • tpmx 1 year ago
                                                        You could send a postcard here with your thanks for the great deal:

                                                            General Office of the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party
                                                            West Building
                                                            Zhongnanhai
                                                            Beijing
                                                            People's Republic of China
                                                      • joneholland 1 year ago
                                                        It’s likely they use runtime exec because they are doing in app sideloading of features so they don’t need to wait for App Store approval. TEMU feels kinda like a superapp like wechat.

                                                        I think TEMU is a super shady company but I don’t think the app is the vector to worry about.

                                                      • Havoc 1 year ago
                                                        Interesting. Recently ordered from them for giggles just because the pricing was crazy yet people seem to be getting their stuff. Even mentioned to a friend that something feels very off commercially here - like something is aggressively subsidised.

                                                        Also Noticed that they were specifically pushing in app purchases hard with discounts etc.

                                                        …but didn’t connect the dots between those two odd things.

                                                        • gigofogfi 1 year ago
                                                          "Is Temu Ethical?

                                                          No, Temu is not an ethical brand.

                                                          A U.S. Congressional Report from June 2023 raised alarming concerns about Temu and Shein’s potential links to forced labor. The report highlighted an “extremely high risk” of products on Temu being associated with forced labor, and the committee expressed particular worry about the exploitation of U.S. de minimis provisions by both companies. The de minimis threshold of $800 allows goods below this value to enter the country without inspection, which could contribute to potential issues with labor practices.

                                                          Furthermore, the report revealed that Temu lacks a specific policy against goods made in Xinjiang, where evidence suggests forced labor may occur."

                                                          https://yoursustainableguide.com/is-temu-ethical/

                                                          • eternityforest 1 year ago
                                                            Are Walmart and Amazon just as bad? I've heard differing opinions on whether it's like Slaves R Us, or if it's just like anywhere else, where there's probably a few slave labor produced goods included.
                                                            • Havoc 1 year ago
                                                              Ouch. Thanks for bringing that to my attention.
                                                            • czDRZ-akk 1 year ago
                                                              The only thing that Temu subsidizes is shipping, the pricing itself is normal. Temu is essentially a window for US consumers to see what the average Chinese consumer is used to. You can directly compare products and prices between Taobao and Temu; the pricing is similar, with Temu typically being a bit more expensive even with discounts.

                                                              Even with shipping, it’s unclear exactly how much Temu would actually be losing per order depending on how efficient their distribution network is.

                                                              • maxrecursion 1 year ago
                                                                If something seems to good to be true it probably is. I agree with the people saying the article isn't the best, but TEMU selling products so cheap because the main product is the data taken from the customers phones who installed the app, makes more sense than this random company can sell products so cheaply, for reasons unknown.

                                                                Clearly China has been proven to be untrustworthy when it comes to their technology, apps included, so I tend to do the opposite of give them the benefit of the doubt, and just assume their apps are untrustworthy by default.

                                                              • pie_flavor 1 year ago
                                                                I suspected something like this, given how aggressive the marketing and ludicrous the claims have been.

                                                                Which is why I'm three times as suspicious of this site, which makes similarly ludicrous claims under the guise of malware research, like being able to DDoS a revealed MAC address. I am supposed to believe this article, whether or not it's true.

                                                                I understand the need to scattershot claims - if they just said 'TEMU has the ability to install packages onto your phone' then TEMU would issue some apology and release a new version that's sneakier about it.

                                                                But please, instead of smacking me in the face with a TOS/disclaimer that's supposed to ward off litigation over false/misleading claims, just don't publish false/misleading claims! Because that gives them the ammunition to say 'the stuff people are saying about TEMU is all lies'.

                                                                • saagarjha 1 year ago
                                                                  The analysis in this post, as others have pointed out, is quite poor. I still wouldn't install the app, especially after the Pinduoduo scandal earlier this year (which was well substantiated), but this isn't very good evidence.
                                                                  • kylehotchkiss 1 year ago
                                                                    Scariest thing here is the `write_external_storage`. Is this just going to install trojan horse things onto SD cards/memory sticks?

                                                                    The time is coming for Apple to support iCloud private relay for all 3rd party apps. Ideally nothing is leaving the phone without it shortly.

                                                                    • eternityforest 1 year ago
                                                                      Sounds kinda awful, what if the relay goes down at an important time? You just know they're going to do something like banning LAN connections too unless it's on some special whitelist so nobody can ever make a true P2P app.
                                                                    • daft_pink 1 year ago
                                                                      Is it me or is this an over the top not very trust worthy article designed to move the stock market?
                                                                      • ryandamm 1 year ago
                                                                        It's a market research firm, probably also a hedge fund that takes a short position specifically before posting these articles to make money on a short position. (See also Muddy Waters (https://www.muddywatersresearch.com/).

                                                                        So yes, it's designed to move the stock market. That doesn't mean it's wrong, though.

                                                                        • daft_pink 1 year ago
                                                                          Obviously Temu is losing money to gain a foothold in the United States. I don't think anyone would dispute that and obviously they are a Chinese company and all large Chinese companies have ties to the Gov't. Claims that it is spyware seem really over the top though.
                                                                        • joneholland 1 year ago
                                                                          Yeah. This is a short seller report.
                                                                        • diogenes4 1 year ago
                                                                          Why is it only foreign software is fingered as malware? I have no doubt this is extraordinarily malicious software, but so was google ads, so was facebook, so were the app stores on our phones.
                                                                        • nonethewiser 1 year ago
                                                                          As I said in another comment, I would not be surprised if TEMU is spyware.

                                                                          This website is questionable and I could really only find this other source or ones like it: https://www.usatoday.com/story/tech/columnist/komando/2023/0...

                                                                          Still light on details and Im not sure who this Komanda person is but there is some real appeal to authority going on and no hard evidence of the claims.

                                                                          Again, I would not be surprised if it was spyware and it seems wise to be suspicious. Hopefully we get more information.

                                                                          • nonethewiser 1 year ago
                                                                            Weird website aside, I would not at all be surprised that TEMU is spyware.
                                                                            • sharkweek 1 year ago
                                                                              A few thoughts.

                                                                              I’d honestly estimate 20% of the ads I see on websites now are TEMU. I’ve never clicked on one, and will never sign up. If they stop advertising the ad market will feel the waves.

                                                                              The products being advertised to me are WILDLY irrelevant. It feels like they’re just shooting a shotgun into the air.

                                                                              It looks like they’re selling only the cheapest stuff, like cutting the middleperson of the FIVE CAPITAL LETTER brand names that use Amazon Marketplace. As much as I don’t trust a plunger or measuring cup from HYYNA, I trust TEMU quality even less.

                                                                              • Spooky23 1 year ago
                                                                                Sorry you feel that way. I’ve been declared the “Chosen One for Massachusetts” by Temu!
                                                                                • sharkweek 1 year ago
                                                                                  Damn… okay if they give me an award like that maybe I in fact would be all in!
                                                                              • winrid 1 year ago
                                                                                Its interesting that the Amazon app requests more questionable permissions than TikTok
                                                                                • croes 1 year ago
                                                                                  >IMPORTANT LEGAL DISCLAIMER

                                                                                  THIS REPORT AND ALL STATEMENTS CONTAINED HEREIN ARE THE OPINIONS OF GRIZZLY RESEARCH LLC AND ARE NOT STATEMENTS OF FACT.

                                                                                  • 1 year ago
                                                                                    • modeless 1 year ago
                                                                                      Surprisingly, for almost all the things that I've bothered to compare, Amazon is actually cheaper than Temu. Even cheap toys from China that I thought would be Temu's bread and butter. And of course the shipping is no contest. The deals look good in their app but try searching for the same item on Amazon and I bet you will be surprised.

                                                                                      Temu sometimes gives you more flexibility to order a single copy of small items while Amazon might only have bundles. But then Temu has a minimum order size you must meet while Amazon doesn't. So I haven't found any reason to use Temu after their ridiculous free money coupon for new users is gone.

                                                                                    • mickelsen 1 year ago
                                                                                      What are the oh-so-deep discounts you guys see, that could justify that $30 figure. I mean, I'm seeing the same stuff from Aliexpress, at about the same price, with free shipping. Just another chinese marketplace like banggood, dhgate, etc. Or am I missing some crazy subsidy because I'm not from the US?
                                                                                      • meowtimemania 1 year ago
                                                                                        Why would temu try be spyware any more than google is spyware? I feel like doing something abnormally super sketchy is too high risk for them given how much stuff they sell and how much money they on their brand.
                                                                                      • rado 1 year ago
                                                                                        https://www.joom.com/ has such great design and UX that I had to try it and it worked great (about 5 orders)
                                                                                        • ThrowawayTestr 1 year ago
                                                                                          Why is everyone using this site? What's wrong with aliexpress?
                                                                                          • daft_pink 1 year ago
                                                                                            The issues around AliExpress are essentially related to shipping. It takes too long and they don’t enforce the delivery times and the seller can send you the wrong thing or if you want to return it you get to pay the return shipping back to China. You have to understand that 7 day delivery means it might show up in a few months and only buy from high quality sellers. That’s why it has such a bad reputation.
                                                                                            • AussieWog93 1 year ago
                                                                                              Some AliExpress orders arrive slower. Also Temu are throwing money at customer acquisition. My wife got something like 90% off her first order.
                                                                                            • 1 year ago
                                                                                              • actuallyrizzn 1 year ago
                                                                                                Weird tos. I'm not clicking agree on that.
                                                                                                • carlotte 1 year ago
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