California sent residents' personal health data to LinkedIn

185 points by anticorporate 1 month ago | 115 comments
  • vharuck 1 month ago
    When I first read the headline, I thought it was a boneheaded mistake of forgetting to disable tracking on certain web pages. But no:

    >The Markup found that Covered California had more than 60 trackers on its site. Out of more than 200 of the government sites, the average number of trackers on the sites was three. Covered California had dozens more than any other website we examined.

    Why is Covered California such an outlier? Why do they need 60 trackers? It's an independent agency that only deals in health insurance, so they obviously (and horribly) thought it was a good idea to send data about residents' health insurance to a third party.

    • autoexec 1 month ago
      I'm sure they did it for money. Those trackers weren't put there for nothing. At least government websites funneling citizen's data to Google by using Google Analytics on their sites can argue that they're just selling out taxpayers to get easy site metrics. When you've got 60 trackers on a single page though, somebody is stuffing their pockets with cash in exchange for user data.
      • threetonesun 1 month ago
        I assume some of it was to show targeted ads on social media platforms. I'm sure an internal KPI is new customers, just like any e-commerce site.
        • s1artibartfast 1 month ago
          Quick reminder that state of California takes a DNA sample from every newborn and sells it to third parties
        • kordlessagain 1 month ago
          Covered California, the state’s health insurance marketplace, leaked deeply sensitive health information and pregnancy status, domestic abuse disclosures, and prescription drug use to LinkedIn via embedded ad trackers.

          It’s a pattern we’ve seen across government and private sectors: infrastructure designed for care is being exploited for behavioral targeting through advertising motions. The public doesn’t expect their health decisions to be fed into social ad networks, but the platforms already assume ownership of that data trail.

          And of course, it’s all connected. The same companies monetizing behavioral profiling at scale are now running the most powerful generative AI systems. Microsoft, which owns LinkedIn, is also the key infrastructure partner of OpenAI. Meta's ad tools were present on these health sites too. Google’s trackers are everywhere else.

          When you strip away the techno-mystique, what’s driving the AI and data arms race isn’t wisdom. It’s ego, power consolidation, and a pathological fear of being second.

          And Sam Altman? He’s not stupid. But brilliance without wisdom is just charisma in a predator suit. Why do you think all these services tie directly into AI?

          • quantified 1 month ago
            Would we be surprised to learn of 10x this level of leakage to Facebook? Based on the social tracking I've casually observed via browser tools when signing up to a variety of services, I'd be surprised if it's not. The weird thing here is that it's LinkedIn getting the data, not that it's being sent.
            • daveatwork 1 month ago
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              • jajko 1 month ago
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                • lo_zamoyski 1 month ago
                  What we call "power" is not a property of a person, but a function of networks of relationships. A king is only "powerful" insofar as his authority is recognized. The moment his perceived authority is lost, the moment no one or few recognize it, is the moment he no longer has "power".

                  In other words, it only works if there is enough social support for it. It requires our complicity.

                  Most people with ASPD (what you call sociopathy) are not able to build these sorts of networks. They're impulsive. They are over-represented among the homeless. They are poor at planning or foreseeing the consequences of their actions. These are not exactly conducive to building these social networks. A sociopath is more the street thug or the gangbanger and less the CEO of a corporation.

                  • FredPret 1 month ago
                    It's the idea that class warfare will get us anywhere good that's brutally naive at this point.
                    • pseudocomposer 1 month ago
                      What do you define as “class warfare?” Do you agree that the current status-quo hyper-consolidation of wealth our economy has fostered since act least 1972 is already an ongoing type of class warfare?

                      And finally, why do you think class warfare can’t get us anywhere?

                      • Loudergood 1 month ago
                        Class warfare is already happening from the top down.
                        • timewizard 1 month ago
                          I love it when enforcing laws and fairness is perceived as "class warfare."
                          • yapyap 1 month ago
                            I think class warfare will get the working class further than whatever is being done at the moment honestly.
                            • ithrablip 1 month ago
                              [flagged]
                          • shaky-carrousel 1 month ago
                            [flagged]
                            • perihelions 1 month ago
                              I think publicly leveling accusations against other commenters downgrades the quality of the conversation—and it's against the forum rules too.

                              You can email the mods if it's something that can be moderated, but please keep it private! It makes things worse if this kind of accusation happens to be wrong. (Also makes things worse if it's right). Often it's singling out an actual, real person for unpleasant scrutiny they didn't expect or want.

                              "Remember the human."

                              • shaky-carrousel 1 month ago
                                Which rule did I break, exactly? I just stated a fact.
                              • jeron 1 month ago
                                >And Sam Altman? He’s not stupid. But brilliance without wisdom is just charisma in a predator suit. Why do you think all these services tie directly into AI?

                                I don't think AI would come up with this line

                          • neilv 1 month ago
                            For the last week, LinkedIn kept showing me ads for some specific dental procedure, near the top of my feed.

                            It's an optional follow-on procedure for the dental surgery procedure I had scheduled for this week.

                            I'm much more careful than most people about keeping Web search and browsing history private. But there's a chance that last week I browsed some question about the scheduled procedure, from my less-private Web browser, rather than from the Tor Browser that I usually use for anything sensitive that doesn't require identifying myself.

                            If I didn't make a Web OPSEC oops, it looks like maybe someone effectively gave private medical information to LinkedIn, of all places (an employment-matchmaking service, where employers are supposed to be conscientious of EEOC and similar concerns).

                            • oaththrowaway 1 month ago
                              Why does a state have ad tracking data? Are they really that hard up for cash that they need to have ad campaigns for people selecting insurance?
                              • timfsu 1 month ago
                                I understood it to be the reverse - they advertise on LinkedIn, and the trackers determine whether the users convert once they click through. Not great, but at least not as ill intentioned
                                • kva-gad-fly 1 month ago
                                  Not sure I understand this, but "I" (coveredca) pay linkedin to place my ads, for which "I" have to use their libraries? That then scrape "my" clients/customer data to linkedin? for them to make more money selling that data?

                                  Does this also mean that those pious popups about "Do not sell my information" are essentially vacuous?

                                • cryptonector 1 month ago
                                  It could be insiders getting kickbacks.
                                  • 1024core 1 month ago
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                                • 1024core 1 month ago
                                  How is this not a HIPAA violation??
                                  • SapporoChris 1 month ago
                                    While I wish it was a HIPAA violation, I am not sure it qualifies. "The HIPAA standards apply to covered entities and business associates “where provided” by §160.102. Covered entities are defined as health plans, healthcare clearinghouses, and healthcare providers who electronically transmit PHI in connection with transactions for which HHS has adopted standards" https://www.hipaajournal.com/what-is-a-hipaa-violation/#what...

                                    Covered California is a health insurance marketplace. It is not an Insurance Carrier or an Insurance Clearing house. Perhaps they're guilty of something else?

                                    • Drunk_Engineer 1 month ago
                                      However, it may violate the state's Electronic Communication Privacy Act.

                                      https://calmatters.org/health/2025/05/covered-california-lin...

                                      • jeron 1 month ago
                                        the state will do an investigation on itself and find no wrongdoing
                                      • spacemadness 1 month ago
                                        Sounds like HIPAA needs some adjustments made to cover marketplaces.
                                        • AStonesThrow 1 month ago
                                          HIPAA is not designed to protect consumer or patient privacy. That is a silly fiction that voters and constituents believe in order to prop up the legislation.

                                          HIPAA is designed to protect the privacy of providers, clinics, hospitals, and insurance carriers. HIPAA is designed to make it maximally difficult to move PHI from one provider to the next. HIPAA is designed to make it maximally difficult for plaintiff attorneys to discover incriminating malpractice evidence when suing those providers. HIPAA is a stepping-stone to single-payer insurance.

                                          HIPAA also makes it maximally difficult to involve other people, providers, and entities in your health care. No entity under HIPAA can legally divulge the slightest tidbit to your brother, your parents, or anyone who contacts them, unless an ROI is on file. Those ROIs are a thing you have to go pursue on your own -- they are never offered or suggested by the provider -- and those ROIs will expire at the drop of a hat -- and you never know if an ROI is valid until it is tested at the point of that entity requesting information.

                                      • wrs 1 month ago
                                        Two reasons: The marketplace is not a covered entity (it doesn’t provide healthcare or process transactions), and the information is not a medical record (it’s typed in by the user, not generated by a healthcare provider).

                                        However, California has its own more general privacy law about using medical information for marketing purposes.

                                        • kjkjadksj 1 month ago
                                          So if I fill out my medical record form at the doctors office its not a medical record because me the user filled it out before handing it over the front desk?
                                          • wrs 1 month ago
                                            Because you filled it out in the context of interacting with a medical provider, then gave it to them for their records, that is a medical record. (Just like a conversation with your doctor about your history would be.)

                                            If you filled out the same form just to keep in your desk drawer for your family’s reference, it would not be. Also, if you ask for a copy of your record, as soon as you take personal possession of it, HIPAA no longer cares about it, because you aren’t a covered entity.

                                            (Source: I founded a startup that spent a lot of money on attorneys to confirm this.)

                                            • autoexec 1 month ago
                                              Filling out forms at the doctor's office is one way they trick you into authorizing them to sell your data and no matter how careful you are about it you can still end up having your data sold. https://www.statnews.com/2023/04/07/medical-data-privacy-phr...
                                          • runjake 1 month ago
                                            Who says it's not? It looks like a HIPAA violation to me.
                                            • 1 month ago
                                              • oops_all_buried 1 month ago
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                                              • melissabaeez50 1 month ago
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                                                • knowitnone 1 month ago
                                                  California will investigate and find no wrong. Also, LinkedIn==Microsoft
                                                  • ty6853 1 month ago
                                                    They published ("leaked" lol no -- it was all available through a polished portal) the name and address of all CCW and DROS registered firearm holders (including judges, DV victims, prosecutors, etc) and nothing happened.

                                                    They use your information for political warfare.

                                                  • blindriver 1 month ago
                                                    If you routinely clear your cookies, does that protect you from long term tracking?
                                                    • cookiengineer 1 month ago
                                                      Not if you use Chrome 135 or later, which is every browser now except Firefox/LibreWolf.

                                                      Federated Learning of Cohorts (FLOC) proved that cookies aren't actually necessary to track you with 98%+ precision, which, given how the internet works, is just 2 clicks.

                                                      The only way to stay anonymous is to stay on the radar. Sandbox your browser, have multiple physical-on-the-filesystem profiles and never mix business with pleasure or banking with youtube.

                                                      If you use Linux, create a Windows 11 VM to browse anonymously. Because Linux makes you already stick out as a sore thumb due to its TCP fingerprint.

                                                      • codedokode 1 month ago
                                                        Won't VM be detected by GPU name which is exposed by WebGL and similar technologies? What computer has a GPU with a name like "QEMU GPU"?

                                                        If you do that, at least change GPU name to NVIDIA or something.

                                                      • wat10000 1 month ago
                                                        Fingerprinting is an active area of research (both attack and defense), so the answer is, maybe, depending on just how unique your setup is. EFF has a nice demo that will try to fingerprint you and tell you how trackable you are based on non-cookie data: https://coveryourtracks.eff.org

                                                        Of course, new techniques are invented all the time, so that may not cover everything.

                                                        • blindriver 1 month ago
                                                          Unless they are targeting a specific individual for spying purposes, is there any benefit to doing such deep fingerprinting at the individual level, given that multiple people might use the same computer? It seems like knowing every single thing done at that computer may be too much information that might not have value but having more broad-based tracking patterns would be cheaper and more profitable, no?
                                                          • wat10000 1 month ago
                                                            Advertisers say that the better they can target advertisements, the more valuable they are. If so, then every bit of fingerprinting helps. Maybe multiple people use a computer which degrades it for those particular people, but then many other computers are used by only one person, so it's helpful in aggregate. I'm skeptical this actually works, given the atrocious quality of ads that I see when they sneak past my ad blocker, but that's what they say.
                                                      • bensonn 1 month ago
                                                        Is Covered California a government entity, for profit, non profit, other...? Not that it matters.

                                                        "Leak" is not the right term. By default a "website" is a 404. Throw some HTML on there and users can see something. Adding LinkedIn tracking is a deliberate choice. Calling the data "leaked" is like saying a raft sprung a "leak" when the person in the raft punctured it 60 times (number of trackers). The data was shared and pushed to LI, on purpose. They (Covered CA) installed LinkedIn's code on their site. The code did exactly what it was intended to do, send data to LinkedIn.

                                                        A leak is accidental, this was a choice by Covered CA.

                                                        • treebeard901 1 month ago
                                                          The reality is that anyone in the medical field can put any kind of information in your medical records for any reason. Many motivations exist to compel this kind of behavior. Sometimes this can be in a part of your permanent record that they do not have to provide to you, even if you follow the rules and laws to request the information. Many exceptions exist under the disclosure laws.

                                                          Your information then can be freely shared with others but not given to you or give you any way to correct the false information in your record.

                                                          For what it's worth, in the United States at least, you have several permanent records that follow you everywhere you go. Your medical records work in a similar way to your former employers. In fact, employer confidentiality to other employers allows them to say almost anything about you and neither has to share it with you and you have no chance to have any kind of fair process to correct it.

                                                          Now add all the data brokers and the other bribery kind of situations and the whole system is basically broken and corrupt.

                                                        • barbazoo 1 month ago
                                                          My understanding is that people would have to intentionally click on the ad on LI to get access to the cookie that contains the sensitive info from the insurance signup flow (which was triggered by clicking the ad). Is that correct?
                                                          • dzdt 1 month ago
                                                            Amazing to me that an article like this doesn't have a big section discussing how a provider sharing personal health data without permission is blatantly illegal under the HIPAA act. It only mentions as an aside that there are various related lawsuits.

                                                            Covered California's privacy policy explicitly says they follow HIPAA and that "Covered California will only share your personal information with government agencies, qualified health plans or contractors which help to fulfill a required Exchange function" and "your personal information is only used by or disclosed to those authorized to receive or view it" and "We will not knowingly disclose your personal information to a third party, except as provided in this Privacy Policy".

                                                            Those privacy policy assertions have been in place since at least October 2020, per the Internet Archive wayback machine record. [2]

                                                            [1] https://www.coveredca.com/pdfs/privacy/CC_Privacy_Policy.pdf

                                                            [2] https://web.archive.org/web/20201024150356/https://www.cover...

                                                            • autoexec 1 month ago
                                                              Companies outright lie in their privacy polices all the time. The legal risk in doing so is basically zero because nobody bothers to sue and it's impossible to show damages.
                                                              • FireBeyond 1 month ago
                                                                > Amazing to me that an article like this doesn't have a big section discussing how a provider sharing personal health data without permission is blatantly illegal under the HIPAA act.

                                                                Being really clear, I despise this whole situation. But there's a lot of contortion to get to a government healthcare marketplace being consider a healthcare provider, which has a definition in the law.

                                                              • goldchainposse 1 month ago
                                                                People like to say "big tech sells their data." This is actually rare. Almost every other company you deal with willing gives it to big tech, and they just hoard it and run ads with it.
                                                                • actionfromafar 1 month ago
                                                                  That's nothing. The Federal governemnt sent residents' personal health data to xAI.
                                                                • rob_c 1 month ago
                                                                  Bright to you by the state reinventing gdpr for the American audience another 80IQ moment which will be lauded by some as a brave new world...

                                                                  Get your act together and either resign or stop handling public data let alone the sensitive stuff. I'm serious, draft that letter now.

                                                                  • Xplan 1 month ago
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                                                                    • gazarubbleparty 1 month ago
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                                                                      • cm2012 1 month ago
                                                                        Even with the absolute incompetence shown in this article (Meta or Google would never make a mistake like this), no one has been actually harmed.
                                                                        • biker142541 1 month ago
                                                                          If you have a value sliding scale of "actually harmed", then almost no privacy breach harms anyone, right? Is the threshold for harm actually being scammed, physically hurt, reputation damaged?

                                                                          Thankfully, those the law is not based on such thresholds.

                                                                          • cm2012 1 month ago
                                                                            Relative to the actual harms caused, HN freaks about this kind of stuff too much.